“AI is in a ‘golden age’ and solving problems that were once in the realm of sci-fi.” ~Jeff Bezos
Artificial intelligence (AI) : A technology that can change the world
Intelligence is the simplest behaviour of human being that makes him unique from other living beings. When it comes to the machines, Robots , or other technical equipments ; they can do things faster and easily but some processes need human intelligence that is lack in them. But now a days inventions are being done for the ability of digital computer or computer controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.
What is artificial intelligence (AI)
AI is a wide ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. The intelligence demonstrated by machine is known as artificial intelligence. AI has grown to be very popular in today’s world. In simple words we can say,” AI is a computer system able to perform tasks that ordinarily require human intelligence.”
History of AI:
The beginning of modern AI can be traced to classical philosopher’s attempts to describe human thinking as a symbolic system. But the field of AI was formally founded in 1956 at a conference of Dartmouth College, in Hanover, New Hampshire, where the term ” artificial intelligence” was coined. After several reports of criticizing progress in AI, government funding and interest in the field was dropped off. A period from 1974-80 is known as ” AI winter”. The field later revived in 1980s by the British government. Again the field experienced another winter from 1987 to 1993, but again research begun to pick up in 1997. Now some scientists are planning to develop an updated version of AI.
How AI works?
Norvig and Ruselle go on to explore four different approaches that have historically define the field of AI
- Thinking humanly
- Thinking rationally
- Acting humanly
- Acting rationally
The first two ideas concern thought process and reasoning, while the others deal with behaviour.
Categorization of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence can be divided into two different categories: weak and strong.
So, now let’s know…
What is Weak Artificial Intelligence?
weak AI simulates human cognition. It has the potential to benefit society by automating time-consuming tasks and by analyzing data in ways that humans sometimes can’t. Weak AI can be contrasted to Strong AI a theoretical form of machine intelligence that is so equal to human intelligence. it is a Artificial Intelligence type of that is limited to a specific or narrow area, narrow AI is also known as weak AI embodies a system designed to carry out one particular job. Weak AI systems include video games such as the chess example from above and personal assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa You ask the assistant a question, it answers it for you very soon. if you don’t know this go through this link just touch the blue font APPLE’S SIRI and AMAZON’S ALEXA
What Is Strong AI?
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is also known as Strong AI is also called True Intelligence Strong AI is the theoretical next level of artificial intelligence, strong (AI) is a theoretical form of machine intelligence that is equal to human intelligence. The main Key characteristics of Strong AI include the ability to reason It moves beyond Weak AI, or simulated human cognition, to include learning, problem-solving and development, Strong AI raises the fear of people losing jobs to machines. Strong AI systems are systems that carry on the tasks considered to be human-like. These tend to be more complex and complicated systems. They are programmed to handle situations in which they may be required to problem solve without having a person intervene. These kinds of systems can be found in applications like self-driving cars or in hospital operating rooms.
Types of AI:
There are basically four types of AI.
- Reactive machine
- Limited memory
- Theory of mind
- Self awareness
What is Reactive machine in AI ?
These are the simplest level of Robot. They can create memories or use information, they are only able to react presenting existing situation. IBM’s Deep Blue is an example of it.
What is Limited memory in AI?
A limited memory is able to retain some information learned from observing previous events or data. Ex- Self driving cars store pre programmed data i.e, lane marking and maps , speed and direction of nearby cars etc.
What is Theory of mind in AI ?
Theory of mind machines would be required to use the information derived from people and learn from it , which would than inform how machine communicates in or react to different situations. A famous example of it is “Sophia” the world famous robot developed by Harson Robotics.
What is Self-awareness in AI ?
Self awareness AI machines are the most complex , that have human level consciousness and understand their existence in the world. Obviously, self-awareness machines are, at present, a work of science fiction and not something that exist and infact, may never exist.
Uses of AI:
Artificial intelligence is based on the principle that human intelligence can be defined in a way that a machine can easily mimic it and execute task from complex. So it is becoming very essential in today’s time. It’s efficiency can be seen in every fields such as Health care, entertainment, finance, education etc.
AI in health sector
In the last few years AI is performing a significant role in healthcare sector. It has been used to make a better and faster diagnosis than humans.
AI in entertainment
Entertainment services like Netflix and Amazon are great example of AI in entertainment . With the help of AI algorithms these services show recommendations for programs or shows.
AI in travels and transport
Nowadays AI is becoming highly demanding for travel industries . AI is capable of doing various travel related works such as making travel arrangements to suggesting hotels , fights and best routes
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